Exotics as Pets...

 

READ: USDA Position Statement on Exotic Cats

 

Black Pine Animal Park is a very small sanctuary located in a very rural town in Indiana.  Every year, we are forced to turn down dozens of exotic animals in need of homes due to a lack of adequate space and funds.  Unfortunately, every day, ignorant people make poor decisions to try to keep animals that don't make good pets.  And unfortunately, many breeders and pet stores whose livelihood comes from the sale of these animals, do not properly educate potential owners of what they are about to undertake.

 

The following information is offered to help educate people seriously considering owning exotic animals as pets, and those trying to help animals in need.  The realities of life for someone who invites exotic animals into their extended family are often shocking, overwhelming, and can even become unbearable.  

 

Please, if you or someone you know has any intention of owning an exotic animal... a tiger, tortoise, bobcat, snake, beautiful tropical bird, bear, or other non-domestic animal, read on and take our GOOD LIFE quiz.  We hope it sheds light and helps you and others to make an informed decision, a decision you and the animal can live happily, and healthily, with.

 

G How much will this animal Grow?  
O How Old can this animal live to be?  
O Will this animal create Odors I won't like?
D What kind of Diet does this animal require?
   
L Can this animal be Lethal to me and others?  
I Is it Illegal for me to own this animal?
F Just how much Fun will it really be to own this animal?
E What are the Environmental requirements for this animal?

 

Now you understand the issues to consider when thinking about owning an exotic animal.  Perhaps you'll decide owning one isn't the best way to be involved, but you still are passionate about your love of the species.  So how can you still be involved?  Click here to learn more.

 

If you're still really set on owning an exotic animal, consider the following examples of what 'real life' might be like with a tiger...  a tortoise...  a macaw...  a bobcat...  a monkey.

 

You say you want a tiger??

Tigers can grow to weigh between 350 and 500 pounds, and can live to be over 20 years of age.  The cub stage doesn't last long, since they grow at a rate of about 10 pounds a month.  As young adults, they begin to urinate to mark territory, including their bedding.  In fact they love to mark fresh, clean bedding.  Their urine is tacky and very pungent, and often times pointed at people, too. 

Tigers eat meat, period.  They don't eat hot dogs and can't live on chicken alone.  Tigers need red meat such as beef, bison, or venison.  In a year, an adult tiger can eat 1.5 to 2 tons of meat.  Vitamin supplements may also be required, depending on the quality of meat you can provide and how well the cat was nourished as a cub.  

Tigers can kill.  These natural predators are one of nature's best-designed killers, and humans are attacked every year - both in captivity and in the wild.  Roy Horn.  Need we say more?

In order to truly bond with a tiger, you have to live, eat and breath it  every day.  EVERY day.  No vacations, no separation of tiger home and your home.  No time to work a job elsewhere.  No family and friends allowed.  People who have shown off their ability to truly bond with tigers (Roy Horn, et al.) have dedicated their entire lives to those animals, living with them -  literally.  For every one of those unique situations, there are thousands of others that fall far short of that dream, causing officials to confiscate, and sanctuaries to rescue, tigers from back yards every day.

In 2003, the United States federal government signed a new bill into law that makes it illegal to sell big cats to be kept as pets, and makes it illegal to own them as pets.  If an owner does not hold proper USDA licensing, and local required permits, the fines are substantial and the cat will be confiscated.  This is the first federal law ever to address the exotic pet trade in our country.  Additional laws vary by state, county and city.  Some states and local governments ban exotics entirely. 

So is owning a tiger fun?  If you think fun is never again taking a vacation, perhaps.  Over the next 20 years, if you're properly caring for your tiger, it will bond with you as it's keeper.  No one else will be able to safely feed it, give it medical attention, or clean up after it.  When it does need medical attention, good luck finding a 'local' veterinarian willing to help.  Most are not trained or equipped to handle treating a tiger.  When you're lucky enough to find one, it may be quite expensive.

The outcome of keeping big cats as pets is often isolation.  Isolation from loved ones, neighbors, friends, and others who lack your extreme passion for animals.  If you are alone in your desire to own a tiger, understand you may be even more alone once you have one.

An ideal tiger habitat will be include lots of greenery and a water feature.  (Tigers will defecate and urinate in their water feature, so be ready to clean it frequently!)  Real grass and dirt, not concrete, and plenty of room to stalk and jump and hide are essential.  Boomer balls and shelter are important features, too.  Depending on where you live, winter quarters may be needed.  And in the event of needing medical treatment, a means of locking down the cat and transporting it safely are a must.  Just to clarify, people's homes, garages, apartments, and caravans do not a good tiger home make.

If you still want to be involved with tigers...

Click here.

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You say you want a tortoise??

Though only about the size of a 50-cent piece when purchased, an African spur-thigh, or sulcata tortoise can grow to weigh nearly 200 pounds and be around 30 inches in diameter.  Even more astounding is that they can live upwards of 80 years!  Are you ready to put your new pet tortoise into your will for others to inherit and care for when you're gone?  

Though not especially smelly, the fecal matter, when not disposed of in a timely manner, will stink.  And they will defecate daily! They also urinate, of course, and bedding and substrates will have to be changed out regularly to keep from becoming smelly and for good health.

Providing the correct diet for the tortoise will be your biggest challenge.  Commercial feeds, though available, won't alone make for a healthy tortoise.  Research and experience will help, but even the research can be confusing because of so many differing opinions.  Whatever the case, it will cost money to buy the right ingredients.  And if you have any nutritional problems, your tortoise will need medical attention.  Mouth rot, funguses and other problems are pretty routine with many reptiles.  Will you have an experienced vet who can help?  

Tortoises aren't lethal, but they aren't that exciting either.  Unlike cats, dogs and other domestic animals, tortoises aren't likely to really bond or exhibit a lot of personality.  In fact, they can be pretty boring animals.  

Though it's not illegal to have a tortoise as a pet, consider what contributing to the pet trade is doing.  Where once there were several hundreds of thousands of African tortoises living wild across the desert, there now are only around 25,000.  These animals have been poached for the pet trade for the past 15 years and now they are in grave danger of eventually disappearing forever.  On a more local note, sanctuaries are getting calls every week from people trying to place tortoises they bought, but now don't want.  Hundreds of them!

Will your friends and family be willing to clean up after a tortoise?  Will they know how to feed it properly?  In other words, will they cover for you if you want to take a vacation?  Ignorance can lead the people around you to refusing that responsibility.  You may be alone in wanting to care for your pet tortoise.

Such a potentially large animal will need a lot of floor space, and a special substrate - not concrete or carpet or linoleum.  It will need lots of heat, like desert heat, and water to wade safely in.  And when it eats, it grazes, so it will like having food available all day to munch on.  It also needs ultraviolet light, like that from the sun, but year-round.  So when it can't graze outdoors (be careful, they can move quickly and become lost quickly) it will still need the UV rays.

These tortoises are not like our native turtles, so research, research, research.

If you still want to be involved with tortoises...

Click here.

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You say you want a macaw?

Thousands upon thousands of these amazing, beautiful birds die each year being illegally transported into the states and abroad for the pet trade.  Dozens of species of macaws are now endangered due to disappearing habitats in their native South America, and because of the continued illegal poaching.  If that alone doesn't turn you off, read on for more facts... 

Macaws vary in size by species, but are among the largest of the rainforest birds. Their large beaks are incredibly strong, capable of snapping off human's fingers quickly and easily.  They can live quite old, reaching 50-60 years of age isn't uncommon in captivity.  Not only will your bird be a member of your family, you quite literally will need to consider putting it in your will and making sure someone is there to care for it if it outlives you. 

Though not especially smelly, birds do come with a distinct smell.  And they are MESSY!  Macaws love to make messes because doing so draws attention and is just plain fun for them.  If you are attracted to macaws because of their beauty, you may be disappointed when you see how messy your beautiful house may become.  If you already have trouble with even the mildest asthma, birds in your home will make it much worse... for some it's unbearable.  And these birds are noisy, too.  Full of character and always wanting to be the center of attention, macaws will scream their guts out when the doorbell rings, phone rings, or you're in the other room 'ignoring' them.

Providing the correct diet for the macaw will be a challenge.  Commercial feeds, though available, won't alone make for a healthy bird.  These birds require fresh fruit and vegetables regularly and love nuts, too.  Unfortunately, feed will cost a pretty penny, and must be kept on-hand, and fresh.   

Though a macaw is probably incapable of killing you, it can do serious damage none-the-less.  Many macaws just have attitude!  Are you prepared to make the bird the center of your life?  That's what it will expect.  If you think owning a dog is a lot of work, wait until you have your macaw... it not only expects your attention, it will lash out at you when it doesn't get what it wants.  

It's not illegal to own a macaw.  But it's wise to research if you buy your macaw from a commercial seller to help ensure you're not contributing to the illegal pet trade.  Also consider liability... what if your bird hurts someone else?  Are you willing to risk having people lose not just buttons from their clothes, but perhaps fingers?

Will your friends and family be willing to help you care for your bird?  Will any of them willingly inherit it when you're gone, or will they be forced to find a new home for a member of your family?  If they find a new home, will it be treated as well as you intend?  Will they know how to feed it properly?  

Such a large bird will need a lot of space and enrichment.  It will need to be kept warm, with relatively high humidity, like the rainforest.  It will need water to bath in and drink - changed daily.  It will also need ultraviolet light, like that from the sun, but year-round.  Your bird, like a dog, will need attention, affection, a proper diet, exercise, toys, and more... and without it, it will become mean, aggressive, and can become ill.

If you still want to be involved with macaws...

Click here.

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You say you want a bobcat?

Bobcats, though small and reminiscent of domestic cats, can reach weights of up to 45 pounds.  Their typical lifespan is 12-18 years.  They are nocturnal, and will be most interested in exploring and trying to hunt at night.  If you aren't a night owl, you will have to become one to live with a bobcat.

Even when compared to tigers and lions, bobcats and their homes are stinky!  These cats are adamant about marking territory and will urinate and rub on everything in their midst to claim it.  Neutering and spaying will not eliminate this natural behavior.

Bobcats are carnivores.  In the wild, they eat mostly rodents such as rabbits and mice, as well as birds and other small mammals.  There are specific nutrients in this natural prey that a diet of only red meat will not provide, often times making supplements a necessary part of a captive diet.  Commercial feeds are expensive, and it can cost a lot, too, to buy the meat they require.  Chicken alone will not suffice if you want a healthy cat.

A bobcat probably won't ever kill you, and if you respect their warnings, you may even avoid injury altogether.  However they do have long claws and pretty large teeth, so bites and scratches will be a way of life if you intend to interact.  Like domestic cats, they can be feisty, territorial about food, and lash out when least expected.  But, unlike domestic cats, they are larger and inherently wild at heart.   

It may be against regulations to own a bobcat, depending on where you live.  These cats are endangered in some states in the United States and capturing one in the wild might be a serious crime.   

Anyone who owns a bobcat will probably tell you they love their cat.  They love seeing it play and love that such a large cat can purr and seem affectionate.  But spending a few days in their shoes may paint a more complete and different picture.  Owners have been known to sacrifice whole portions of their house, or build on habitats to their home.  Outdoor fences may have to be built so the cat can be outside, where it really belongs and thrives.  

Winter shelter, woods, and lots of places to hide are essential.  Indoors, closets and other hideaways can become dens, where the cat will hide all day long, bounding out only at nightfall when it's hoping to find prey to hunt and kill.  These natural instincts are not taken away just because a human steps in.

Do you have family or friends that will care for a bobcat when you're away?  It's asking a lot of them if you do.  Bobcats aren't like domestic cats that may tolerate strangers.  Your bobcat may feel threatened by strange people and quickly become aggressive or bound past them out the door, potentially lost forever.

As with many non-domestic animals, finding the proper vet care may be a challenge, too.  It is not generally a popular or accepted notion to house native wildlife unless you are rehabilitating them to re-release into the wild or are a licensed zoo or sanctuary.  What you think is cool may be a big turnoff to others around you.  Is that the fun you anticipate?

If you still want to be involved with bobcats...

Click here.

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You say you want a monkey?

Depending on the species of monkey, you may be looking at an animal that will see you as a member of their family for its lifetime, which can range up to 30 years.  A rhesus macaque monkey, for example, will weigh up to 45 pounds at adulthood and require total social bonding for it's entire life in order to be healthy and fulfilled.

Monkeys are probably among the most fascinating creatures to humans because they are so human-like.  Physically, that's amazing, but socially, it's a very challenging reality.  The most disgusting, ill-mannered, mean, silly, and/or athletic person you can imagine cannot compare to what you could be in for if you try to keep a monkey as a pet.  Throwing feces, urinating in all directions, pinching, biting, scratching... are all part of being a monkey. And with a monkey comes a lot of mess and, typically, a lot of odor.

The dietary requirements of a primate are similar to that of humans.   Although hopefully, when not given a choice, the selections provided to a captive primate will be more responsibly selected for good health.  A balanced diet of fruits, vegetables, breads, proteins, and plenty of fluids is essential.  Providing such a diet can be costly, and because monkeys can suddenly turn into picky eaters, waste can be costly, too.

Only the largest primates, such as the great apes, would probably be considered lethal, though even the smallest capuchin monkey can be really nasty.  Monkeys can throw temper tantrums that equal that of a two-year-old human child, but they're potentially a lot more dangerous.  Some species of monkeys have canine teeth that equal that of a large dog, with jaws even stronger.  Long, strong fingers and fingernails can do serious damage.  And when in a rampage, it may not only be you they attack, it may be your home and your belongings.

Laws regarding ownership vary, but it is illegal in many places to own primates, and very difficult, naturally, to buy them legally.  There are reasons behind such laws, so it pays to research and understand why.

It makes sense that many monkeys are owned strictly for commercial purposes.  When an animal can make someone a lot of money, that person is more likely to put up with the hassles of ownership.  And even the most passionate owners will probably admit that caring for their keep is not a bowl of cherries, even on the best of days. 

Providing really proper housing is almost impossible.  When one considers a monkey's natural habitat, it's quite diverse.  Trees, water, grasses, vines, and such are what keeps them entertained.  Matching that enrichment is the biggest challenge you'll face.  And a mad or bored monkey is not fun!

What many people don't realize is that most primates will only bond with one human being.  Though they're social by nature, they typically will only come to trust one person.  So expecting someone else to try to care for the monkey or enjoy relating to it will be a letdown at least.  Not only is that unfair to the monkey, it can quickly take the wind out of your sails when you can't share the joy of your bond.

As with many non-domestic animals, finding the proper vet care may be a challenge, too.  Capturing, transporting, and asking anyone else to work on a sick primate is a tough proposition.  And remember, you may have this animal for the next 20-30 years... are you really prepared?  

Click here to read about one pet monkey's life story.

If you still want to be involved with monkeys...

Click here.

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